Periodic table / Metalloids
5Boron
Boron is a metalloid in group 13, period 2. At 25 °C it is a solid.
- Symbol
- B
- Atomic number
- 5 protons in the nucleus
- Standard atomic weight
- 10.81 ± 0.02Commercial samples can have a changed isotope mix, because material has been processed or isotopes removed (for example lithium sold after its lithium-6 was taken out).
- Electron configuration
- [He] 2s2 2p1
- Electrons in each shell
- 2, 3
- Group, period, block
- 13, 2, p
- Family
- Metalloids
- State at 25 °C
- solid
- Electronegativity
- 2.04 (Pauling scale)
- First ionisation energy
- 800.6 kJ/mol (8.298019 eV)
Where these numbers come from
Atomic weight: IUPAC CIAAW, abridged standard atomic weights 2024. Electron configuration and ionisation energy: NIST Atomic Spectra Database. Family, state and electronegativity: PubChem. See Sources. Melting points, boiling points and densities are left out for now: published values differ between sources, and we will add them once each has been checked.